haematologyetc.co.uk - User contributions [en-gb]

Malaria Biology

2024-04-29T13:18:13Z

John:

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: #afbddb |'''Overview of malaria lifecycle'''
|}

The lifecycle of malaria is shown below. Parasites move from the mosquito to mammal host, then back again (click on the image for a size version). Each
stage has clinical and often morphological relevance - these are described in the other links in the section.

----

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=300px heights=400px>
File:Malaria-Lifecycle.jpg|<span style="font-size:90%">''Infection of the mosquito''</span>|link={{filepath:Malaria-Lifecycle.jpg}}
</gallery>

----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: #afbddb |'''Specific stages'''
|}
*[[Pre-erythrocytic (liver) stage]]
*Biology of the trohozoite stage
*[[Biology of the schizont]]
*Biology of the gametocyte
*[[Re-infection of the mosquito]]
*The host response to malaria
----

Malaria Biology

2024-04-29T13:17:40Z

John:

Malaria Biology

2024-04-29T13:16:34Z

John:

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: #afbddb |'''Overview of malaria lifecycle'''
|}

The lifecycle of malaria is shown below. Parasites move from the mosquito to mammal host, then back again (click on the image for a size version). Each
stage has clinical and often morphological relevance - these are described in the other links in the section.

----

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=300px heights=400px>
File:Malaria-Lifecycle.jpg|<span style="font-size:90%">''Infection of the mosquito''</span>|link={{filepath:Malaria-Lifecycle.jpg}}
</gallery>

----

*[[Overview of malaria biology]]
*[[Pre-erythrocytic (liver) stage]]
*Biology of the trohozoite stage
*[[Biology of the schizont]]
*Biology of the gametocyte
*[[Re-infection of the mosquito]]
*The host response to malaria

Malaria Biology

2024-04-29T13:14:00Z

John:

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: #afbddb |'''Overview of malaria lifecycle'''
|}

The lifecycle of malaria is shown below moving from the mosquito (the innocent bystander) to mammal host (the victim) the back again - this has been made small for mobile users but click on the image for a size version.

Each of these stages including the pre-erythrocytic and re-infection stages have clinical and often morphological relevance - these are described in the other links in the section, they don't take long to read and hopefully you will find them useful!

----

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=300px heights=400px>
File:Malaria-Lifecycle.jpg|<span style="font-size:90%">''Infection of the mosquito''</span>|link={{filepath:Malaria-Lifecycle.jpg}}
</gallery>

----

*[[Overview of malaria biology]]
*[[Pre-erythrocytic (liver) stage]]
*Biology of the trohozoite stage
*[[Biology of the schizont]]
*Biology of the gametocyte
*[[Re-infection of the mosquito]]
*The host response to malaria

File:Malria blood stages.jpg

2024-04-12T08:48:33Z

John:

Plasmodium vivax: Morphology

2024-04-11T12:17:35Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>[[Species identification: summary page]]</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>>This page: <u>''P.vivax'': morphology</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''The early trophozoite'''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:PVETc.jpg|link={{filepath:PVETc.jpg}}
File:PVET main.jpg|link={{filepath:PVET main.jpg}}
</gallery>
<br clear=all>

The earliest ring forms may be indistinguishable from other species, but during this stage the parasite tends to aquire a more irregular forms and to show signs of modification of the erythrocyte (added dots, and altered size and shape).

*erythrocytes begin to show increased [[Red cell size and shape: P.vivax|size and altered shape]]
*parasites retain a ring form but may aquire a more irregular form
*parasites are generally large - occupying up to half of the erythrocyte
*cytoplasmic [[Schüffner's dots]] may appear at this stage, although pigment is less uncommon

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[P.vivax early trophozoites gallery|Click for ''P.vivax'' early trophozoite gallery]]''
|}
</div>

----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''The late trophozoite'''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:PVLTc.jpg|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}
File:PVLT main.jpg|link={{filepath:PVLT main.jpg}}
</gallery>
<br clear=all>

The later growth stage during which parasites grow considerably and lose their ring appearance, this process is accompanied by substantial modification of the red cell and metabolism of it's haemoglobin to form malaria pigment.

*infected erythrocytes become significantly enlarged and irregular in shape
*parasites lose their ring appearnace becoming irregular and "[[amoeboid]]" in form
*numerous red/purple Schüffner's dots are predent in the cytoplasm of red cells
*[[malaria pigment]] is often present and has an irregular distribution

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[P.vivax late trophozoites gallery|Click for ''P.vivax'' late trophozoite gallery]]''
|}
</div>

----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''The schizont'''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:PVSc.jpg|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PVS main.jpg|link={{filepath:PFS main.jpg}}
</gallery>
<br clear=all>

The asexual stage of [[malaria parasite development]] - only some trophozoites form schizonts, but those that do undergo successive cycles of replication within the red cell to generate multiple [["merozoites"]] that then each invade a new red cell to continue and increase the infection.

*a range of maturing schizonts will generally be present within enlarged red cells
*when mature schizonts may contain 16-24 separate merozoites
*[[Schüffner's dots]] can be detected in any residual cytoplasm of the erythrocyte
*[[Malaria pigment|malaria pigment]] is visible in irregularly distributed clumps over the schizont surface

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[P.vivax schizont gallery|Click for ''P.vivax'' schizont gallery]]''
|}
</div>

----

'''The gametocyte'''

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''The gametocyte'''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:PVGc.jpg|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}
File:PVG main.jpg|link={{filepath:PVG main.jpg}}
</gallery>
<br clear=all>

The sexual replication form (very distinctive).

*red cells are very large and have ovoid or distorted forms
*macrogametocytes (female form) will often entirely fill the erythrocyte
*microgametocytes (male form) have a cytoplasmic rim with visible Schüffner's dots
*[[Malaria pigment|malaria pigment]] is clumped evenly over the surface of the gametocyte

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[P.vivax gametocyte gallery|Click for ''P.vivax'' gametocyte gallery]]''
|}
</div>

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Amoeboid

2024-04-04T14:31:12Z

John: Created page with "amoeboid forms description the late trophozoite of pvivax becomes more solid but with an irregular form that is said to resemble an amoeba with extended processes. other features of the species will also be detected. species significance a fairly specific feature of pvivax that is helpful to indicate this diagnosis. the form develops as the parasites mature and early signs may be seen in early trophozoites. additional images"

amoeboid forms

description
the late trophozoite of pvivax becomes more solid but with an irregular form that is said to resemble an amoeba with extended processes. other features of the species will also be detected.

species significance a fairly specific feature of pvivax that is helpful to indicate this diagnosis. the form develops as the parasites mature and early signs may be seen in early trophozoites.

additional images

Plasmodium vivax: Morphology

2024-04-01T18:14:08Z

John: Created page with ". distribution p.vivax is generally considered a parasite of central and south america india and s.e.asia. the low frequency of the duffy antigen that facilitates the entry of p.vivax into erythrocytes means that this malaria species has lower frequency in africa. aside from this however plasmodium vivax infection occurs across the widest geographic area of all the human malarias extending well into temperate climates. this behaviour is enabled by the dormant stag..."

. distribution p.vivax is generally considered a parasite of central and south america india and s.e.asia. the low frequency of the duffy antigen that facilitates the entry of p.vivax into erythrocytes means that this malaria species has lower frequency in africa. aside from this however plasmodium vivax infection occurs across the widest geographic area of all the human malarias extending well into temperate climates. this behaviour is enabled by the dormant stage in the human liver where the parasite can \"rest\" allowing it to survive mosquito-free cold seasons when transmission and propagation in the mosquito-host is not possible. detailed . information may be accessed here malaria atlas project . ---- the early trophozoite file pvet.jpg leftt 200px link filepath pvet.jpg *erythrocytes begin to become size and shape of infected red cells enlarged and distorted during this stage *parasites have a ring form this may be quite irregular *parasites are generally large - occupying up to half of the erythrocyte *cytoplasmic schu8c3bcffneru8e28099s dots may appear at this stage but malaria pigment is not usually seen ---- the late trophozoite file pvlt.jpg leftt 200px link filepath pvlt.jpg *infected erythrocytes are clearly significantly enlarged and lose their regular outline *parasites are noticeably irregular becoming amoeboid in form *numerous purple schu8c3bcffneru8e28099s dots are seen in the cytoplasm *pigment is often present with irregular distribution ---- the schizont file pvs.jpg leftt 200px link filepath pvs.jpg *a range of maturing schizonts will generally be present within enlarged red cells *mature schizonts generally contain 16-24 separate merozoites *schu8c3bcffneru8e28099s dots can be detected in any residual cytoplasm of the erythrocyte *pigment is visible in irregularly distributed clumps over the schizont surface ---- the gametocyte file pvg.jpg leftt 200px link filepath pvg.jpg *very large with ovoid or distorted forms *macrogametocytes female may entirely fill the erythrocyte *microgametocytes male may have a thin cytoplasmic rim with visible schu8c3bcffneru8e28099s dots *pigment is clumped over the surface of the gametocyte ---- gallery plasmodium vivax gallery click here to see gallery of plasmodium vivax forms ---- '),

Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology

2024-04-01T18:11:17Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>[[Species identification: summary page]]</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>>This page: <u>''P.falciparum'': morphology</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''The early trophozoite'''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:PFETc.jpg|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFET-main image.jpg|link={{filepath:PFET-main_image.jpg}}
</gallery>
<br clear=all>

The earliest growth stage, and may be the only form seen in this species:

*[[Ring forms]] that are fine and delicate
*Frequently the red cells contain [[multiple parasites]]
*Parasites may have a distinctive [[Double chromatin dot forms|"double dot"]] or signet ring form
*Parasites may appear on the [[Accolé form|accolé forms]] that appear flattened against the cell membrane
*Affected red cells have normal size and haemoglobin content

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[P.falciparum early trophozoites gallery|Click for ''P.falciparum'' early trophozoite gallery]]''
|}
</div>

----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''The late trophozoite'''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:PFLTc.jpg|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFLT-main image.jpg|link={{filepath:PFLT-main_image.jpg}}
</gallery>
<br clear=all>

The later growth stage:

*Parasites resemble early ring forms, but are thicker and may be slightly larger
*Additional blue/grey dots and clefts are seen in red cell cytoplasm when [[stained correctly]]
*These dots have low number a characteristic "dot" or "line" form [[Maurer's dots and clefts]]
*[[Red cell size and shape|Size and shape]] of infected red cells is usually unaffected, but may become crenated
*The [[Double chromatin dot forms|double dot]], [[Accolé form| accolé]], and [[multiple parasites|multiple parasite]] forms remain present

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[P.falciparum late trophozoites gallery|Click for ''P.falciparum'' late trophozoite gallery]]''
|}
</div>

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{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''The schizont'''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:PFSc.jpg|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFS-main image 2.jpg|link={{filepath:PFS-main_image 2.jpg}}
</gallery>
<br clear=all>

The asexual form:

*'''Do not generally circulate in this species unless overwhelming infection'''
*The asexually formed developing "merozoites" cluster untidily
*[[Schizont Development|Schizonts]] develop progressively to form 8-16 merozoites when mature
*In this species the loose [[Malaria pigment|malaria pigment]] may be seen in clumps between the parasites
*Red cell size is generally unaffected but red cells become pale as haemoglobin is metabolised by the parasites

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[P.falciparum schizont gallery|Click for ''P.falciparum'' schizont gallery]]''
|}
</div>

----

'''The gametocyte'''

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #023020; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''The gametocyte'''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:PFGc.jpg|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
File:PFG-main image.jpg|link={{filepath:PFG-main_image.jpg}}
</gallery>
<br clear=all>

The sexual replication form (very distinctive).

*Gametocytes are elongated but are restricted into typical shape by the red cell membrane
*They parasites are rod shaped but the membrane may cause them to curve into a “[[Banana gametocyte|"banana" form]]”
*The residual membrane (empty of haemoglobin) is often seen as a "blister" to the side of the parasite
*The single chromatin area is in the centre of the parasite, often has [[Malaria pigment|pigment]] overlying it
*Gametocytes may not be be seen, or may be the only form present (particularly after treatment)

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[P.falciparum gametocyte gallery|Click for ''P.falciparum'' gametocyte gallery]]''
|}
</div>

----

Stained correctly

2024-03-24T09:08:44Z

John:

Stained correctly

2024-03-24T09:07:34Z

John:

Red cell size

2024-03-23T19:31:07Z

John: Created page with "red. cell size description characteristic changes to. red. cell size and. shape occur during parasite development from a. relatively early stage of. parasite development the. very earliest trophozoites may. not. show these features * p..emalariae red. cells remain round and. are. often small in. size * p..efalciparum red. cells unchanged in. size may. become crenated * p..eovale red. cells generally become enlarged and. ovoid may. become fimbriated * p..evivax..."

red. cell size

description characteristic changes to. red. cell size and. shape occur during parasite development from a. relatively early stage of. parasite development the. very earliest trophozoites may. not. show these features

* p..emalariae red. cells remain round and. are. often small in. size
* p..efalciparum red. cells unchanged in. size may. become crenated
* p..eovale red. cells generally become enlarged and. ovoid may. become fimbriated
* p..evivax red. cells significantly enlarged and. usually quite irregular

these changes are. illustrated for. early and. late trophozoite below

early trophozoites fsmall or normal p..emalariae round
p..efalciparum round
normal or. enlarged p..eovale may. become ovoid generally enlarged
p..evivax may. become irregular late trophozoites file msi2.ejpg.

species significance these changes can. be. very helpful in. identifying malaria species ---- '),

Maurer's dots and clefts

2024-03-23T19:27:15Z

John: Created page with "Maurer maurer's dots and clefts Description: These are blue-grey dots or linear structures contained within erythrocytes infected by the late trophozoites of P.falciparum and represent modification of the red cell by the parasite. The structures differ from the dot in p.vivax or p.ovale since they are few in number you could imagine being able to count them (in the unlikely case that you wanted to). They are not seen in early trophozoites. Species significance: T..."

Maurer maurer's dots and clefts

Description: These are blue-grey dots or linear structures contained within erythrocytes infected by the late trophozoites of P.falciparum and represent modification of the red cell by the parasite. The structures differ from the dot in p.vivax or p.ovale since they are few in number you could imagine being able to count them (in the unlikely case that you wanted to). They are not seen in early trophozoites.

Species significance: These dots are restricted to P.falciparum and can be distinguished from schuffner's dots of P.vivax or the James dots of P.ovale by their blue-grey colour, higher desity nd sometimes elongated (clefted) shape. Note that the dots appear only in late trophozoites.

Images:

Dots and clefts ve schuffner

Stained correctly

2024-03-23T19:26:25Z

John: Created page with "description staining: more alkaline than normal films is recommended for malaria parasite evaluation - irrespective of colour preference this makes parasites more visible compared with the grey of the surrounding red cells and makes some structures such as cytoplasmic dots more visible."

description

staining: more alkaline than normal films is recommended for malaria parasite evaluation - irrespective of colour preference this makes parasites more visible compared with the grey of the surrounding red cells and makes some structures such as cytoplasmic dots more visible.

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:57:02Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #6aaf6a; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: CBD6CO"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

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{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:56:24Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #cbfdcb; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: CBD6CO"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:55:31Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #e0fde0; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: CBD6CO"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:34:42Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #758467; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: CBD5CO |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: CBD6CO"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:33:51Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #758467; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: CBD6CO"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:31:57Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #758467; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #819171"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:31:36Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #758467; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #819171"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:31:09Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: #758467; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #819171"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:29:49Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #819171"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:29:07Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: border-color: black; 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #819171"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:27:46Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #819171"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:25:33Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:25:05Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; border-color: black; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:1100%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:23:36Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:23:07Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #B7E9C1"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:20:19Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #a7d1a7 |'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-19T08:19:40Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #85bf85|'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Double chromatin dot forms

2024-03-18T20:05:34Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|Go Back]]
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: WhiteSmoke"|<span style="color:navy>'''What is a double dot form?'''</span>

Early or late trophozoites where the chromatin dot has two separate masses - a double dot that is sometimes said to resemble a signet ring, although this really only applies for typical ring forms where dots are relatively close together.

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=250px heights=250px>
File:double1.jpg|link={{filepath:double1.jpg}}
</gallery>
<span style="font-size:80%">Note how the chromatin dot of the ring form is divided into two purple masses</span>
<br clear=all>

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Species significance'''</span>

Most often this appearance seen in infection with ''P.falciparum'' and can be helpful to indicate this species; however the form is not fully specific and may occur in any species.

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Additional images'''</span>

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:double2.jpg|A|link={{filepath:double2.jpg}}
File:double3.jpg|B|link={{filepath:double3.jpg}}
File:double4.jpg|C|link={{filepath:double4.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:80%">Malaria double chromatin dot forms in: late trophozoite of ''P.ovale'' (A) an early trophozoite of ''P.vivax'' (B) and ealy trophozoite of P.knowlesi (C)<span>

Double chromatin dot forms

2024-03-18T20:05:06Z

John:

Multiple parasites

2024-03-18T20:04:39Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|Go Back]]
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 4px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"|<span style="color:navy>'''What are double infected cells?'''</span>

In some cases more than one parasite (most often early or late trophozoites) can be seen within a single erythrocyte. This is surprisingly frequent suggesting some red cells are ore attractive to parasites, or that already infected cells are more susceptible.

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=250px heights=250px>
File:11multiple1.jpg|link={{filepath:11multiple1.jpg}}
</gallery>
<span style="font-size:80%">The most frequent form - two early trophozoites of ''P.falciparum'' in a single erythrocyte</span>
<br clear=all>

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Species significance'''</span>

Most often considered a feature indicating ''P.falciparum'' infection, and is certainly frequent in that species where it can be used to support the diagnosis. However, the form should not considered as specific, and may occur in any species (and is also a frequent finding for babesia parasites).

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Additional images'''</span>

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:11multiple2.jpg|A|link={{filepath:11multiple2.jpg}}
File:11multiple3.jpg|B|link={{filepath:11multiple3.jpg}}
File:11multiple4.jpg|C|link={{filepath:11multiple4.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:80%">Double parasites in: late trophozoite of ''P.malaria'' (A) late trophozoite of ''P.vivax'' (B) and late trophozoite of P.ovale (C)</span>

Ring forms

2024-03-18T20:04:08Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|Go Back]]
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 4px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"|<span style="color:navy>'''What is a ring form?'''</span>

<gallery mode="nolines" widths="220px" heights="220px" >
File:Ring_c.jpg|link={{filepath:|Ring_c.jpg}}
File:MMETr.jpg|link={{filepath:|MMETr.jpg}}
</gallery>

The earliest stage following red cell invasion has a typical ting form:
*a = chromatin dot
*b = digestive vacuole
*c = parasite cytoplasm
----

<span style="color:navy>'''Description'''</span>

At the earliest stage of red cell infection parasites of all species have the form of a "ring". Distinction between species at this stage may not be easy (or even possible). However as the parasites mature and develop differences between species become more apparent. In some species the ring appearance is maintained until late stages of maturation, in others it is lost progressively as they mature.

The different appearances of rings (or indeed their loss) can be very useful in identifying the different malaria species. For detailed illustration of maturing trophozoites [[Trophozoites: diagnostic guide|see this link]]:

Double chromatin dot forms

2024-03-18T20:03:24Z

John:

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: WhiteSmoke"|<span style="color:navy>'''What is a double dot form?'''</span>

Early or late trophozoites where the chromatin dot has two separate masses - a double dot that is sometimes said to resemble a signet ring, although this really only applies for typical ring forms where dots are relatively close together.

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=250px heights=250px>
File:double1.jpg|link={{filepath:double1.jpg}}
</gallery>
<span style="font-size:80%">Note how the chromatin dot of the ring form is divided into two purple masses</span>
<br clear=all>

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Species significance'''</span>

Most often this appearance seen in infection with ''P.falciparum'' and can be helpful to indicate this species; however the form is not fully specific and may occur in any species.

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Additional images'''</span>

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:double2.jpg|A|link={{filepath:double2.jpg}}
File:double3.jpg|B|link={{filepath:double3.jpg}}
File:double4.jpg|C|link={{filepath:double4.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:80%">Malaria double chromatin dot forms in: late trophozoite of ''P.ovale'' (A) an early trophozoite of ''P.vivax'' (B) and ealy trophozoite of P.knowlesi (C)</span>
----

Multiple parasites

2024-03-18T20:02:34Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|Go Back]]

----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 4px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"|<span style="color:navy>'''What are double infected cells?'''</span>

In some cases more than one parasite (most often early or late trophozoites) can be seen within a single erythrocyte. This is surprisingly frequent suggesting some red cells are ore attractive to parasites, or that already infected cells are more susceptible.

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=250px heights=250px>
File:11multiple1.jpg|link={{filepath:11multiple1.jpg}}
</gallery>
<span style="font-size:80%">The most frequent form - two early trophozoites of ''P.falciparum'' in a single erythrocyte</span>
<br clear=all>

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Species significance'''</span>

Most often considered a feature indicating ''P.falciparum'' infection, and is certainly frequent in that species where it can be used to support the diagnosis. However, the form should not considered as specific, and may occur in any species (and is also a frequent finding for babesia parasites).

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Additional images'''</span>

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:11multiple2.jpg|A|link={{filepath:11multiple2.jpg}}
File:11multiple3.jpg|B|link={{filepath:11multiple3.jpg}}
File:11multiple4.jpg|C|link={{filepath:11multiple4.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:80%">Double parasites in: late trophozoite of ''P.malaria'' (A) late trophozoite of ''P.vivax'' (B) and late trophozoite of P.ovale (C)</span>

Multiple parasites

2024-03-18T20:01:57Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|Go Back]]

----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 4px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"|<span style="color:navy>'''What are double infected cells?'''</span>

In some cases more than one parasite (most often early or late trophozoites) can be seen within a single erythrocyte. This is surprisingly frequent suggesting some red cells are ore attractive to parasites, or that already infected cells are more susceptible.

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=250px heights=250px>
File:11multiple1.jpg|link={{filepath:11multiple1.jpg}}
</gallery>
<span style="font-size:80%">The most frequent form - two early trophozoites of ''P.falciparum'' in a single erythrocyte</span>
<br clear=all>

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Species significance'''</span>

Most often considered a feature indicating ''P.falciparum'' infection, and is certainly frequent in that species where it can be used to support the diagnosis. However, the form should not considered as specific, and may occur in any species (and is also a frequent finding for babesia parasites).

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Additional images'''</span>

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:11multiple2.jpg|A|link={{filepath:11multiple2.jpg}}
File:11multiple3.jpg|B|link={{filepath:11multiple3.jpg}}
File:11multiple4.jpg|C|link={{filepath:11multiple4.jpg}}
</gallery>

Double parasites in: late trophozoite of ''P.malaria'' (A) late trophozoite of ''P.vivax'' (B) and late trophozoite of P.ovale (C)
----

Multiple parasites

2024-03-18T20:01:35Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|Go Back]]

----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 4px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"|<span style="color:navy>'''What are double infected cells?'''</span>

In some cases more than one parasite (most often early or late trophozoites) can be seen within a single erythrocyte. This is surprisingly frequent suggesting some red cells are ore attractive to parasites, or that already infected cells are more susceptible.

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=250px heights=250px>
File:11multiple1.jpg|link={{filepath:11multiple1.jpg}}
</gallery>
<span style="font-size:90%">The most frequent form - two early trophozoites of ''P.falciparum'' in a single erythrocyte</span>
<br clear=all>

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Species significance'''</span>

Most often considered a feature indicating ''P.falciparum'' infection, and is certainly frequent in that species where it can be used to support the diagnosis. However, the form should not considered as specific, and may occur in any species (and is also a frequent finding for babesia parasites).

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Additional images'''</span>

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:11multiple2.jpg|A|link={{filepath:11multiple2.jpg}}
File:11multiple3.jpg|B|link={{filepath:11multiple3.jpg}}
File:11multiple4.jpg|C|link={{filepath:11multiple4.jpg}}
</gallery>

Double parasites in: late trophozoite of ''P.malaria'' (A) late trophozoite of ''P.vivax'' (B) and late trophozoite of P.ovale (C)
----

Multiple parasites

2024-03-18T19:59:55Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|Go Back]]

----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 4px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:100%; color:black; background: FFFAFA"|<span style="color:navy>'''What are double infected cells?'''</span>

In some cases more than one parasite (most often early or late trophozoites) can be seen within a single erythrocyte. This is surprisingly frequent suggesting some red cells are ore attractive to parasites, or that already infected cells are more susceptible.

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=250px heights=250px>
File:11multiple1.jpg|link={{filepath:11multiple1.jpg}}
</gallery>
The most frequent form - two early trophozoites of ''P.falciparum'' in a single erythrocyte
<br clear=all>

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Species significance'''</span>

Most often considered a feature indicating ''P.falciparum'' infection, and is certainly frequent in that species where it can be used to support the diagnosis. However, the form should not considered as specific, and may occur in any species (and is also a frequent finding for babesia parasites).

----

<span style="color:navy>'''Additional images'''</span>

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=200px heights=200px>
File:11multiple2.jpg|A|link={{filepath:11multiple2.jpg}}
File:11multiple3.jpg|B|link={{filepath:11multiple3.jpg}}
File:11multiple4.jpg|C|link={{filepath:11multiple4.jpg}}
</gallery>

Double parasites in: late trophozoite of ''P.malaria'' (A) late trophozoite of ''P.vivax'' (B) and late trophozoite of P.ovale (C)
----

P.falciparum early trophozoites gallery

2024-03-18T19:57:08Z

John:

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-18T19:56:05Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #ffffcc|'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

P.falciparum early trophozoites gallery

2024-03-18T19:53:59Z

John:

Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology

2024-03-18T19:53:28Z

John:

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-18T19:52:31Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-18T19:52:08Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-18T19:51:48Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
<span style="font-size:80%">(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-18T19:51:05Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>
(click blue highlighted text to return to page)</br></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-18T16:49:46Z

John:

----
'''Navigation'''</br>

<span style="font-size:90%">[[Malaria Index|Malaria main index]]''</span></br>
<span style="font-size:90%">>This page: <u>Species Indentification: summary</u></span>
----

{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:110%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium falciparum'''''
|}

<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PFETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PFETc.jpg}}
File:PFLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PFLTc.jpg}}
File:PFSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont (rare)</span>|link={{filepath:PFSc.jpg}}
File:PFGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PFGc.jpg}}
</gallery>

<span style="font-size:95%">'''Summary'''</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Small and fine ring forms, look for typical forms accolé, multiple parasites per cell, double dot</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic Maurer's dots and clefts in late trophozoites</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">The irregular and "tatty" schizonts very '''rarely seen''' in blood unless severe infection</span>
*<span style="font-size:95%">Characteristic elongated (often curved) 'banana' gametocytes</span>
</span>

<div style="width: 350px">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-left:solid 4px navy;border-right:solid 4px navy;border-top:solid 4px navy;border-bottom:solid 4px navy; font-size:90%; color:navy; align:center"
| colspan="1"''|[[Plasmodium falciparum: Morphology|'''CLICK''' for detailed description of ''P.falciparum'']]''
|}
</div>

</br>

----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium vivax'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:AltPVETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:AltPVETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PVGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PVGc.jpg}}]]
----

[[File:PVcombi.jpg|right|400px|link={{filepath:PVcombi.jpg}}]]

'''Brief summary'''

*Large and robust rings that become amoeboid during later development
*Red cells become increasingly enlarged and distorted as parasites mature
*Schüffner's dots are visible in appropriately stained thin blood films
*All forms tend to circulate with large schizont and gametocyte forms present

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.vivax'' moprhology]]
*[[''Plasmodium vivax'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.vivax'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium ovale'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:POETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:POSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:POGc.gif|150px|link={{filepath:POGc.gif}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*rings are large and robust, with ring appearance often retained in late trophozoite stage
*Red cells are enlarged often with oval shape and may have characteristic fimbriation
*Schüffner's (James) dots seen in appropriately stained samples
*All forms tend to circulate, parasites are large but tend to be smaller than for ''P.vivax''

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.ovale'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium ovale'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.ovale'' forms]]
----

<div style="width: 95%">
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium malariae'''''
|}
</div>
[[File:PMETc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMETc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMLTc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMLTc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMSc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMSc.jpg}}]]
[[File:PMGc.jpg|150px|link={{filepath:PMGc.jpg}}]]
----

'''Brief summary'''

*Small rings (less delicate than ''P.falciparum'') and becoming elongated or solid as parasites mature
*Red cells often small remaining a round shape and with no added dots unless heavily stained
*All forms tend to circulate, characteristically look for "daisy" schizonts and small round gametocytes''
*Parasite number is often low

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.malariae'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium malariae'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.malariae'' forms]]

----
{| class="wikitable" style="border-style: solid; border-width: 5px; color:black"
|colspan="1" style = "font-size:90%; color:black; background: #bcd4e6"|'''''Plasmodium knowlesi'''''
|}
</div>
<gallery mode="nolines" widths=150px heights=150px>
File:PKETc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">''Early trophozoite''</span>|link={{filepath:PKETc.jpg}}
File:PKLTc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Late trophozoite</span>|link={{filepath:PKLTc.jpg}}
File:PKSc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Schizont</span>|link={{filepath:PKSc.jpg}}
File:PKGc.jpg|<span style="font-size:80%">Gametocyte</span>|link={{filepath:PKGc.jpg}}
</gallery>
----

'''Brief Summary'''

*Very limited geographical distribution within S.E Asia
*Small fine ring forms resemble those of ''P.falciparum'' and may have high parasite count
*Later rings are more solid or elongated similar to ''P.malariae'', although faint dots may be present
*Schizonts & gametocytes are often present and may resemble ''P.malariae'' but are less "neat"
*Characteristically red cell size is unaffected, although distortion may be seen

''For more information''
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Morphology|click for full description of ''P.knowlesis'' morphology]]
*[[''Plasmodium knowlesi'': Gallery|click to visit the gallery of ''P.knowlesi'' forms]]
----

Species identification: summary page

2024-03-18T16:49:23Z

John: